A value assessment of patient-level outcomes and productivity loss for intravenous and subcutaneous lecanemab for patients with early Alzheimer's disease.

AIMS: Intravenous (IV) lecanemab is approved for the treatment of patients with early Alzheimer's disease (AD); a subcutaneous (SC) option may offer additional benefits. We assessed the overall value of SC treatments, and direct/indirect outcomes associated with IV and SC lecanemab.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: For the narrative review, PubMed was searched (February 2025) for studies comparing patient preferences for IV/SC treatment administration published between 2015-2025. Study eligibility was determined using patient, intervention, comparator, outcomes, and study criteria. For the decision-analytic model, a Markov model was developed with four lecanemab treatment scenarios. Scenarios one to three included IV initiation (10 mg/kg biweekly) to month 18, followed by either IV initiation continued (10 mg/kg biweekly), SC maintenance (250 mg weekly) or IV maintenance (10 mg/kg every 4 weeks). Scenario four included SC initiation (500 mg weekly) for an 18-month period, followed by SC maintenance (250 mg weekly). Outcomes were administration time/frequency; patient, caregiver, and healthcare professional time; and caregiver productivity loss.

RESULTS

Forty-three publications reported patient treatment preferences. Most (88.4%) reported that patients preferred SC over IV. Key reasons for this were time savings (n = 13/43 studies; 30.2%), convenience (n = 11/43; 25.6%), treatment frequency (n = 12/43; 27.9%). Two studies (n = 2/43; 4.7%) reported an IV preference over SC; for three studies (n = 3/43; 7.0%), treatment preference was driven by administration frequency. Decision-analytic modeling of lecanemab treatment scenarios revealed that IV initiation to IV maintenance had the lowest number of administrations, whereas SC initiation to SC maintenance had the lowest number of treatment hours and caregiver productivity losses.

LIMITATIONS: Caution must be taken when generalizing these results for all AD patients.

CONCLUSIONS

SC treatments show value as a therapeutic option. IV and SC lecanemab availability may offer benefits to patients, caregivers, and society, and improve shared decision making.