Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2026
Combinations of stem bark powders of Enantia chlorantha and Uvaria chamae showed antimalarial activities in mice.
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Olawuni Oluwatosin Funke, Adepiti Awodayo Oluwatoyin, Babamuyiwa Blessing Oluwatosin
Аннотация
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The stem bark of Enantia chlorantha Oliver (Annonaceae) and Uvaria chamae P. Beauv (Annonaceae) is widely used in African ethnomedicine for the treatment of malaria.
AIM OF THE STUDY: This study investigated the antimalarial activities of E. chlorantha and U. chamae stem bark powders in order to optimize their antimalarial activity. It also aimed to assess possible herb-drug interaction with orthodox antimalarial drugs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The single and combined [1:1 (EU1); 1:2 (EU2) and 2:1 (EU3)] powders of E. chlorantha and U. chamae were reconstituted by suspending in propylene glycol (50%). Evaluation of the chemosuppressive and curative antimalarial models was carried out by oral administration of the single (6.25-200 mg/kg) and combined (6.25-25 mg/kg) powders on mice infected with the chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei NK65 and chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei ANKA, respectively. Co-administration with artesunate-amodiaquine (ACT) and chloroquine was also assessed. The n-hexane extracts of the combined powders were analyzed individually by GC-MS.
RESULTS: At 200 mg/kg, E. chlorantha and U. chamae powders each gave significant chemosuppressive (86% and 83%) and curative (77% and 76%) activities, respectively. At 25 mg/kg, EU3 exhibited significant chemosuppressive activity (85.23%). At 6.25 mg/kg, EU3+CQ and EU3+ACT had chemosuppressive (77.61% and 75.87%) and curative (93.01% and 96.66%) activities, respectively. The GC-MS fingerprint of the combined powders revealed predominantly sesquiterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, fatty acid esters, and phytosterols.
CONCLUSION: Antimalarial activity was enhanced with combination of the powders while additive interaction was observed with the herb-drug combinations.
AIM OF THE STUDY: This study investigated the antimalarial activities of E. chlorantha and U. chamae stem bark powders in order to optimize their antimalarial activity. It also aimed to assess possible herb-drug interaction with orthodox antimalarial drugs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The single and combined [1:1 (EU1); 1:2 (EU2) and 2:1 (EU3)] powders of E. chlorantha and U. chamae were reconstituted by suspending in propylene glycol (50%). Evaluation of the chemosuppressive and curative antimalarial models was carried out by oral administration of the single (6.25-200 mg/kg) and combined (6.25-25 mg/kg) powders on mice infected with the chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei NK65 and chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei ANKA, respectively. Co-administration with artesunate-amodiaquine (ACT) and chloroquine was also assessed. The n-hexane extracts of the combined powders were analyzed individually by GC-MS.
RESULTS: At 200 mg/kg, E. chlorantha and U. chamae powders each gave significant chemosuppressive (86% and 83%) and curative (77% and 76%) activities, respectively. At 25 mg/kg, EU3 exhibited significant chemosuppressive activity (85.23%). At 6.25 mg/kg, EU3+CQ and EU3+ACT had chemosuppressive (77.61% and 75.87%) and curative (93.01% and 96.66%) activities, respectively. The GC-MS fingerprint of the combined powders revealed predominantly sesquiterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, fatty acid esters, and phytosterols.
CONCLUSION: Antimalarial activity was enhanced with combination of the powders while additive interaction was observed with the herb-drug combinations.