[Epidemiologic characteristics of nutrition of school children at high risk for developing ischemic heart disease and atherosclerosis].

The results of the investigation of a representative sample of Moscow schoolchildren, aged 11-14 years, are described. The investigation included a triple arterial pressure measuring, anthropometry, numerical score of sexual development, assay of cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood serum. The character of nutrition of 250 (20% of the sample) schoolchildren was studied by the method of dietary inquiry (daily ration) with the use of food patterns. The data of the multivariative analysis have shown that sexual development, a low educational level of the parents (among them subjects engaged in the manual labor being predominant) influence the development of the risk factors of ischemic heart disease and atherosclerosis. Composition of food is of great importance, especially for boys with dislipoproteinemias (low consumption of starch per 1 kg bw, high consumption of total protein, low consumption of fat in cal %), and for those with excessive body mass and low physical activity (low consumption of total fat, polyunsaturated fat per 1 kg bw, as well as high consumption of total protein in cal %).