Oral diseases · 2025
A Case Control Study to Assess Frequency, Risk Factors and Genetic Diversity of Entamoeba gingivalis.
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Tahmasebi Elahe, Ghanimatdan Mohamad, Hajisadeghi Samira, Rafiei Esmaeil, Sharifi Yosef, Jafari Nodoushan Zahra, Khedmat Leila, Rahimi Mohsen
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This case-control study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis subtypes ST1 and ST2 kamaktli in dental plaque samples from individuals referred to Shokri Dental Hospital in Tehran, Iran.
METHODS: Fifty-three participants were selected for each group (periodontitis, gingivitis, and healthy control), resulting in a total of 159 dental plaque samples. The participants completed a questionnaire to assess risk factors for Entamoeba gingivalis infection. Total genomic DNA was extracted via a commercial kit. Entamoeba gingivalis subtypes were characterized using nested PCR and DNA sequencing.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis was 17.6% (28/159). The periodontitis group had the highest prevalence (28.3%, 15/53), followed by gingivitis (17.0%, 9/53) and healthy individuals (7.5%, 4/53). Statistical analysis revealed that the prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis was significantly greater in periodontal patients than in healthy individuals (p = 0.045). A lower level of education (p = 0.007) and lack of dental flossing (p = 0.000) were significantly associated with higher prevalence. Nested PCR and DNA sequencing identified Entamoeba gingivalis ST1 in 75% (21/28) and ST2-Kamaktli variants in 25% (7/28) of positive samples.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher Entamoeba gingivalis prevalence in periodontal disease suggests it may contribute to oral pathologies. Understanding risk factors like flossing can enhance prevention and treatment.
METHODS: Fifty-three participants were selected for each group (periodontitis, gingivitis, and healthy control), resulting in a total of 159 dental plaque samples. The participants completed a questionnaire to assess risk factors for Entamoeba gingivalis infection. Total genomic DNA was extracted via a commercial kit. Entamoeba gingivalis subtypes were characterized using nested PCR and DNA sequencing.
RESULTS: The overall prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis was 17.6% (28/159). The periodontitis group had the highest prevalence (28.3%, 15/53), followed by gingivitis (17.0%, 9/53) and healthy individuals (7.5%, 4/53). Statistical analysis revealed that the prevalence of Entamoeba gingivalis was significantly greater in periodontal patients than in healthy individuals (p = 0.045). A lower level of education (p = 0.007) and lack of dental flossing (p = 0.000) were significantly associated with higher prevalence. Nested PCR and DNA sequencing identified Entamoeba gingivalis ST1 in 75% (21/28) and ST2-Kamaktli variants in 25% (7/28) of positive samples.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher Entamoeba gingivalis prevalence in periodontal disease suggests it may contribute to oral pathologies. Understanding risk factors like flossing can enhance prevention and treatment.