[Tics and Tourette's syndrome in children].

The article represents a review of modern literature on tics and Tourette's syndrome in paediatric population and describes recent advances in neurogenetics, neuroanatomy and neurotransmitter heterogeneity of the disease pathogenesis. The analysis of the literature supports the plausibility of transformation of tics and Tourette's syndrome from psychiatric disorders into neurological disorders (according to ICD-11) based on recent data on neurophysiology and functional neuroanatomy. Neuroanatomy of motor behaviour is described as the most complex self-regulating neural network of thalamo-cortical loop, basal ganglia in combination with the limbic system, insular and cingulate cortex with involvement of hippocampus, subthalamic region and cerebellum. The evaluation of pharmaceutical treatment options has been carried out, including a review of successful local experience in treating tics in paediatric patients with hopantenic acid, topiramate and neuropeptides of cortexin.