Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2026
Paediatric Presentations to an Emergency Department Providing Urgent and After-Hours Outpatient Care in Cambodia: A 10-Year Retrospective Review.
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Ngeth Pises, Eang Habsreng, Oeur Kongkea, Stoey Lina Saem
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: In Cambodia, emergency rooms (ERs) often serve as the primary access point for paediatric care, reflecting limited outpatient capacity and health system constraints.
METHODS: A retrospective descriptive analysis of presentations at Angkor Hospital for Children between 2012 and 2021 was conducted. Diagnoses were harmonised using ICD-10 definitions. The primary cohort included all eligible presentations, while a secondary cohort excluded patients aged outside the hospital age range, procedural-only visits, unclassifiable diagnoses, and referrals. Analyses focused on the 10 most common diagnostic groups in the secondary cohort. Seasonal and rural-urban patterns were assessed using risk ratios.
RESULTS: A total of 60 310 patients with 87 977 visits were included in the primary cohort and 43 170 patients with 62 148 visits in the secondary cohort. More boys (57%) than girls (43%) accounted for ER presentations, and approximately 40% of patients were aged 1-5 years. Respiratory-related diseases were the most frequent diagnostic group, followed by infectious and parasitic diseases. Visits peaked during the rainy season, with dengue showing strong rainy season predominance (RR ≈ 5.9). Rural children accounted for 56% and showed a higher relative likelihood of dengue, influenza and pneumonia, and haemolytic anaemias, whereas chronic respiratory diseases and toxic substance exposures were more frequent among urban children. Most presentations resulted in discharge home, and mortality was low (0.09%).
CONCLUSION: ER utilisation in Cambodia reflects both acute illness burden and broader health system access patterns. The findings highlight the need for seasonally responsive preparedness, strengthened rural outreach, and integrated acute care planning in resource-limited settings.
METHODS: A retrospective descriptive analysis of presentations at Angkor Hospital for Children between 2012 and 2021 was conducted. Diagnoses were harmonised using ICD-10 definitions. The primary cohort included all eligible presentations, while a secondary cohort excluded patients aged outside the hospital age range, procedural-only visits, unclassifiable diagnoses, and referrals. Analyses focused on the 10 most common diagnostic groups in the secondary cohort. Seasonal and rural-urban patterns were assessed using risk ratios.
RESULTS: A total of 60 310 patients with 87 977 visits were included in the primary cohort and 43 170 patients with 62 148 visits in the secondary cohort. More boys (57%) than girls (43%) accounted for ER presentations, and approximately 40% of patients were aged 1-5 years. Respiratory-related diseases were the most frequent diagnostic group, followed by infectious and parasitic diseases. Visits peaked during the rainy season, with dengue showing strong rainy season predominance (RR ≈ 5.9). Rural children accounted for 56% and showed a higher relative likelihood of dengue, influenza and pneumonia, and haemolytic anaemias, whereas chronic respiratory diseases and toxic substance exposures were more frequent among urban children. Most presentations resulted in discharge home, and mortality was low (0.09%).
CONCLUSION: ER utilisation in Cambodia reflects both acute illness burden and broader health system access patterns. The findings highlight the need for seasonally responsive preparedness, strengthened rural outreach, and integrated acute care planning in resource-limited settings.