Resting-state brain change on treatment improvement in insomnia disorder: A coordinate-based meta-analysis.

Many people suffer from insomnia worldwide, but we know little about the neuroimaging mechanisms of treatment improvement of insomnia disorder. This study aimed to investigate resting-state brain changes on treatment improvement in insomnia disorder. We searched Pubmed, web of science, and PsycINFO databases and finalized 14 studies, which reported changes in brain activity or functional connectivity in insomnia patients after treatment. Using activation likelihood estimation found that insomnia patients showed significant convergence in the superior frontal gyrus (SFG) after effective intervention. Behavioural decoding using the BrainMap database revealed that the SFG plays an important role in inhibition behavior, working memory (WM), reward emotion, and thermoregulation. Meta-analytic connectivity modelling analysis found that the SFG is shown to connect to several core nodes of the default mode network, including the middle frontal gyrus, precuneus, and cingulate gyrus. In conclusion, this study reveals the important role of SFG in the treatment of insomnia and provides a stable intervention target region for clinical intervention in insomnia.