Student participation in gambling: the role of social cognition, past behaviour, and habit.

The study examined the relationship between Theory of Planned Behaviour constructs, past behaviour, habit, and future behaviour relating to students' participation in gambling. Using a cross-sectional design, theory constructs, past behaviour, and habit were examined at T1 (N = 250), and gambling behaviour was assessed four weeks later at T2 (N = 180). Results showed attitude and perceived behavioural control (PBC) predicted intention, and intention and PBC predicted behaviour. The inclusion of past behaviour and habit attenuated the effects of attitude and PBC on intention and rendered the impact of intention on behaviour non-significant. The relationship between past behaviour and future behaviour was mediated by habit and PBC. Interventions should focus on attitude and PBC to attend to gambling intentions in addition to automatic processes to attend to student gambling behaviour.