Assessing Soil-transmitted Helminth Infections and Drug Compliance in Water Sanitation and Hygiene Communities, Ogun State, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND

Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) remain a major public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa, where inadequate sanitation and unsafe water contribute to ongoing transmission.

OBJECTIVE

This study examined the prevalence and associated risk factors of Schistosoma haematobium among school-aged children in 20 WASH-focused communities across four Local Government Areas in Ogun Central, Nigeria, between March 2021 and March 2023.

METHODS

Urine and stool samples were collected from 1,019 pupils and analyzed using standard parasitological techniques, while structured questionnaires captured demographic information, WASH indicators, and attitudes toward anthelmintic treatment.

RESULTS

The overall prevalence of S. haematobium was 2%. Significant associations were observed between infection and water sources (p < 0.05), toilet facilities (p = 0.045), and haematuria (p < 0.001). Age was also identified as a significant demographic factor influencing infection.

CONCLUSION

These findings highlight the persistent vulnerability of children in WASH-dependent communities to urinary schistosomiasis and emphasize the need for integrated control strategies that combine improved sanitation, safe water supply, health education, and regular mass drug administration.