Experience in improving treatment outcomes for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: real-world results for a province in China, 2011-2020.

The present study aimed to investigate the real-world results of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL) cases in Fujian, China. The clinical data of 1414 patients with newly diagnosed cALL in Fujian were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were treated according to the Chinese Children Leukemia Group 2008 protocol (CCLG-ALL 2008 group) or Chinese Children's Cancer Group 2015 protocol (CCCG-ALL 2015 group). Cumulative incidence of treatment abandonment (TA) at 5 years was 4.2% ± 0.6% and significantly associated with treatment period and risk stratification. The 5-OS and EFS were significantly higher in the CCCG-ALL 2015 group than in the CCLG-ALL 2008 group. Patients treated with CCCG-ALL 2015 from Fujian Medical Union Hospital had a significantly higher 4-year OS and EFS than did those from the other four hospitals. Real-world TA of cALL greatly decreased, and its long-term survival significantly increased in Fujian, which may be related to optimizing programs, multi-center collaboration, and improving treatment compliance.