Allergic sensitization in kidney transplanted patients - Is it a result of immunosuppressive agents or the sensitization of living donor?

BACKGROUND

Allergic sensitization has been reported increasingly in organ transplant recipients. However, the pathogenesis of this sensitization has still not been clearly understood.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate allergic sensitization in kidney transplanted children and adolescents under immunosuppressive treatment.

METHODS

Twenty seven kidney-transplanted subjects were studied by standardized interviews from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood criteria, skin prick test (SPT) and measurement of specific immunoglobulin E (s-IgE). Patients were considered to have allergic sensitization when presenting a positive SPT and/or s-IgE >0.35 kUA/l to at least one of the tested allergens. Patients with a history of allergic diseases accompanied by sensitization were accepted as allergic. We also performed SPT on the living donors of the allergic groups.

RESULTS

Seven patients (25.9%) were found to be sensitized to ≥1 common inhalant and 3 subjects (11.1%) additionally reported a corresponding present history of allergic diseases. All of the living donors' sensitized patients were allergic. New-onset post-transplantation food allergy was not documented in any patients.

CONCLUSIONS

This study supports the concept that not only immunosuppressant agents but also sensitization of living donors could be a significant contributor to allergic sensitization in kidney recipients.