Pulmonary dysfunction in overweight and obese children with obstructive sleep apnoea.

INTRODUCTION

Overweight and obese children are at risk of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and abnormal pulmonary function (PF).

AIM: Investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), OSA on PF in children.

MATERIALS & METHOD: Seventy-four children were recruited. Mixed obstructive apnoea-hypopnea index (MOAHI), BMI, oxygen saturation (SpO2 ), forced expiratory volume one second (FEV1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC) and fractionated exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were measured.

RESULTS

Twenty-four and thirty children had mild OSA and moderate-to-severe OSA respectively. BMI correlated negatively with SpO2 nadir (r = -.363, p = .001). FVC, FEV1 and nadir SpO2 values decreased with OSA severity (p < .001). The odds of a child with OSA having an abnormal spirometry was 3.16 (95% CI: 1.08, 9.22). There was significant association between FeNO and AHI (r = .497, <.001).

DISCUSSION: Overweight and obese children with OSA have significant abnormalities in pulmonary function independent of BMI. OSA severity and elevated FeNO also correlated with diminishing lung function.