American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics · 2025
Three-dimensional analysis of palatal asymmetry before and after treatment of functional posterior crossbite in mixed and permanent dentition: A retrospective study.
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Lo Giudice Antonino, Pantalena Maria Giovanna, Cocuzza Salvatore, Palazzo Giuseppe
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the palatal dimensional and morphologic characteristics (symmetry or asymmetry) before and after the treatment of functional posterior crossbite (FPXB) in mixed and permanent dentition.
METHODS: Forty-four patients with a diagnosis of transverse maxillary deficiency and FPXB underwent maxillary expansion: 22 in mixed dentition (mixed dentition study group [MD-SG], mean age = 8.6 ± 1.3 years) and 22 in permanent dentition (permanent dentition study group [PD-SG], mean age = 13.3 ± 1.1 years). Two age-matched control groups (mixed dentition control group and permanent dentition control group) were included. Digital models at T0 (baseline) and T1 (12-18 months postexpansion) were analyzed for palatal dimensions, volume, and symmetry. Deviation analysis and percentage matching were performed between the original and the mirrored models. Statistical analyses assessed intragroup, intergroup, and intertiming differences.
RESULTS: At T0, linear and volumetric measurements were greater at the noncrossbite side (nCBs) than the crossbite side (CBs) in patients with FPXB compared with controls (P <0.001). The CBs/nCBs volumetric difference was greater in PD-SG than MD-SG (P = 0.001), whereas surface matching was higher in MD-SG (P = 0.004). At T1, CBs/nCBs dimensional asymmetry decreased in both FPXB groups (P <0.001), and the surface matching improved (P <0.001). However, MD-SG remarkably showed greater posttreatment changes than PD-SG (volumetric data: P = 0.012; surface data: P = 0.009).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with FPXB in permanent dentition could exhibit greater maxillary asymmetry than in mixed dentition. After reestablishment of normal occlusion, the asymmetry reduced in both MD-SG and PD-SG, though the latter group retained more residual asymmetry, potentially affecting final maxillary morphology.
METHODS: Forty-four patients with a diagnosis of transverse maxillary deficiency and FPXB underwent maxillary expansion: 22 in mixed dentition (mixed dentition study group [MD-SG], mean age = 8.6 ± 1.3 years) and 22 in permanent dentition (permanent dentition study group [PD-SG], mean age = 13.3 ± 1.1 years). Two age-matched control groups (mixed dentition control group and permanent dentition control group) were included. Digital models at T0 (baseline) and T1 (12-18 months postexpansion) were analyzed for palatal dimensions, volume, and symmetry. Deviation analysis and percentage matching were performed between the original and the mirrored models. Statistical analyses assessed intragroup, intergroup, and intertiming differences.
RESULTS: At T0, linear and volumetric measurements were greater at the noncrossbite side (nCBs) than the crossbite side (CBs) in patients with FPXB compared with controls (P <0.001). The CBs/nCBs volumetric difference was greater in PD-SG than MD-SG (P = 0.001), whereas surface matching was higher in MD-SG (P = 0.004). At T1, CBs/nCBs dimensional asymmetry decreased in both FPXB groups (P <0.001), and the surface matching improved (P <0.001). However, MD-SG remarkably showed greater posttreatment changes than PD-SG (volumetric data: P = 0.012; surface data: P = 0.009).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with FPXB in permanent dentition could exhibit greater maxillary asymmetry than in mixed dentition. After reestablishment of normal occlusion, the asymmetry reduced in both MD-SG and PD-SG, though the latter group retained more residual asymmetry, potentially affecting final maxillary morphology.