Diffusion-weighted imaging in neonates.

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has become an important tool in pediatric neuroradiology, helping in the evaluation of the encephalopathic and seizing neonate, and adding conspicuity, specificity, and prognostic value to the conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data. DWI also facilitates understanding the pathophysiology and natural time course of ischemic and nonischemic disorders. When interpreted concurrently with the conventional MR imaging and other advanced MR imaging techniques, such as spectroscopy and arterial spin labeling, DWI can give clues leading to an accurate diagnosis and provide important information about pathophysiology and prognosis of the diseases, as well as guide adequate therapeutic modalities.