Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2024
Is isocaloric intermittent fasting superior to calorie restriction? A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.
СтатьяСистематический обзорМетаанализНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Hamsho Mohammed, Shkorfu Wijdan, Ranneh Yazan, Fadel Abdulmannan
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Intermittent fasting (IF) has been demonstrated to enhance human health through several mechanisms. However, it is still unclear whether those health benefits are independent of caloric restriction (CR)-induced weight loss. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare isocaloric IF and CR regarding anthropometric measurements, adherence, metabolic profile, inflammatory biomarkers, and adipokines in adults and elderlies.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Comprehensive research was conducted usin four major databases including Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar without date restriction. Mean differences of the change from baseline ± change SD were calculated as the differences between IF and CR groups. Subgroup analysis was performed according to intervention duration (short-, medium-, and long-term). To determine the reliability of our findings, GRADE assessment was performed. As a result, 20 RCTs were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. IF groups had significant reductions in fat mass (kg) (P = 0.006) and Interleukin-6 (P < 0.00001) in the short term and fat mass (%) (P = 0.0002), waist circumference (P = 0.005), fasting blood insulin (P < 0.00001) and HOMA-IR (P = 0.04) in the long term. CR groups had significantly lower hunger (P = 0.003), fatigue (P = 0.04), and TG (P = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS: IF may be an effective alternative to CR but is not superior to CR in enhancing human health. Due to the low number of long-term studies, future studies should focus on conducting longitudinal randomized trials comparing IF and CR in different populations, age groups, and IF patterns.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Comprehensive research was conducted usin four major databases including Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar without date restriction. Mean differences of the change from baseline ± change SD were calculated as the differences between IF and CR groups. Subgroup analysis was performed according to intervention duration (short-, medium-, and long-term). To determine the reliability of our findings, GRADE assessment was performed. As a result, 20 RCTs were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. IF groups had significant reductions in fat mass (kg) (P = 0.006) and Interleukin-6 (P < 0.00001) in the short term and fat mass (%) (P = 0.0002), waist circumference (P = 0.005), fasting blood insulin (P < 0.00001) and HOMA-IR (P = 0.04) in the long term. CR groups had significantly lower hunger (P = 0.003), fatigue (P = 0.04), and TG (P = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS: IF may be an effective alternative to CR but is not superior to CR in enhancing human health. Due to the low number of long-term studies, future studies should focus on conducting longitudinal randomized trials comparing IF and CR in different populations, age groups, and IF patterns.