MMR vaccine in HIV-infected children -- potential hazards?

Although given routinely as prophylaxis against wild-type measles to HIV-infected children, the live attenuated measles component of the MMR triple vaccine also possesses potential for disease. We document a case of measles proven to be caused by vaccine strain in a HIV-infected child here in the UK and discuss the clinical and immunological aspects. We also consider the new guidelines for MMR vaccination in HIV-infected children adopted last year in the USA.