[Vaccination calendar and new risks of infection].

The French program for immunization has undergone great changes since the last 90', with new vaccines and strategy improvement. The resurgence of pertussis in young adults with transmission to young infants not adequately immunized is due to the lack of immunity and reduced potential to acquire exposure-induced immunity. A late booster is recommended at 11 years by the new acellular pertussis vaccine (combined with DT I.P.V. Vaccines). The coverage rate for measles-mumps-rubella vaccine has reached 82% for 2 year old infants, but the stability for many years has left many susceptible children (not immunized or not seroconverted). A recent mathematical study shows a next risk for large epidemics in older children, adolescents and adults. Rubella has the same development with a recent rise of rubella in pregnant women. The recent recommendation of Health authorities of giving a second dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine at 4-6 years is associated to necessary enhancement coverage in 2 year-old infants to 95%. Universal immunization against hepatitis B has been promoted in 1994 for infants and adolescents. The decision is related to the growing number of new hepatitis B infections in spite of a well conducted risk-subject immunization. The 1997 coverage is better for adolescents (78%) than for infants (36%).