Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Older Patients With History of Retinopathy of Prematurity.

BACKGROUND AND

OBJECTIVE

To characterize the in vivo microstructural features of patients with history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

PATIENTS AND

METHODS

A single-center, retrospective imaging case series during which a chart review was performed of consecutive patients with history of ROP who underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with or without enhanced depth imaging. Eyes with time-domain OCT, no light perception, or uninterpretable SD-OCT images were excluded. Main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and exploratory SD-OCT findings.

RESULTS

A total of 186 eyes of 112 patients (mean age: 31.5 years; range: 8 years to 70 years) were imaged. Mean visual acuity was 20/150 (range: 20/20 to light perception). Mean foveal thickness (MFT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) measured 270.93 µm ± 56.40 µm and 239.87 µm ± 73.00 µm, respectively. There was a negative correlation between ROP stage and MFT (Rho = -0.19; P = .027), but not with SCT (Rho = -0.03; P = .748). There were negative correlations between BCVA and MFT (Rho = -0.23; P < .01) and SCT (Rho = -0.19; P = .04). Ellipsoid zone (EZ) abnormalities, inner retinal layer thickening, and presence of chorioretinal atrophy were associated with higher ROP stage (P < .001) and poorer visual acuity (Rho = 0.59; P < .001). The presence of retinoschisis (n = 36/186; 19%) was associated with poorer visual acuity (P < .001), but did not correlate with higher ROP stage (P = .17). Epiretinal membrane-like dense hyaloidal organization and vitreoretinal interface abnormalities were seen in 69% (130/186) and 33% (63/186) of eyes, respectively, but were not associated with ROP stage (P = .87) or visual acuity (P = .54). After controlling for EZ abnormalities, foveal hypoplasia, macular schisis, inner retinal thickening, chorioretinal atrophy, and ROP stage, the independent risk factors for poorer visual acuity were EZ abnormalities (Beta = 0.38; P < .001), chorioretinal atrophy (Beta = 0.18; P = .03), and ROP stage (Beta = 0.22; P < .01).

CONCLUSION

SD-OCT imaging identified a variety of microstructural abnormalities present in patients with history of ROP. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016;47:1086-1094.].