Indian pediatrics · 2026
Subclinical Origins of Cardiometabolic Risk in Indian Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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Hegde Shalini G, Kankara Shreyas R, Raj John Michael, Philip Babu, Dwarkanath Pratibha, Kurpad Anura V
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To measure and study the associations between body and hepatic fat and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors, in apparently healthy Indian adolescents.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, anthropometry and CMR factors (glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, seated blood pressure measurement) were measured in apparently healthy Indian adolescents aged 11-16 years. Hepatic fat was measured by MRI proton density fat fraction (PDFF) using a 3.0 T system (GE Signa Architect). Whole-body fat was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
RESULTS: Forty adolescents (24 boys) with a mean (SD) age of 14.3 (1.5) years were enrolled. At least one CMR factor was seen in 32.5% of all adolescents and in 18% of those who were normal body mass index (BMI). The prevalence of fatty liver was 5%. The waist circumference was significantly different between adolescents with CMR factors and those without (P = 0.003). Fat mass index (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.17-3.68), total fat mass (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.06-1.64), and truncal fat mass (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.12-2.72) were positively associated with CMR and progression of hepatic steatosis. Fat in the android region had the maximum association with CMR (OR 30.54, 95% CI 2.09-445.98).
CONCLUSIONS: CMR and hepatic steatosis are prevalent in Indian adolescents and can occur even at normal BMI, with android fat distribution being the strongest determinant of CMR.
TRIAL REGISTRY: Clinical Trials Registry of India; Ref. No. CTRI/2024/06/068925.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, anthropometry and CMR factors (glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid profile, seated blood pressure measurement) were measured in apparently healthy Indian adolescents aged 11-16 years. Hepatic fat was measured by MRI proton density fat fraction (PDFF) using a 3.0 T system (GE Signa Architect). Whole-body fat was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
RESULTS: Forty adolescents (24 boys) with a mean (SD) age of 14.3 (1.5) years were enrolled. At least one CMR factor was seen in 32.5% of all adolescents and in 18% of those who were normal body mass index (BMI). The prevalence of fatty liver was 5%. The waist circumference was significantly different between adolescents with CMR factors and those without (P = 0.003). Fat mass index (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.17-3.68), total fat mass (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.06-1.64), and truncal fat mass (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.12-2.72) were positively associated with CMR and progression of hepatic steatosis. Fat in the android region had the maximum association with CMR (OR 30.54, 95% CI 2.09-445.98).
CONCLUSIONS: CMR and hepatic steatosis are prevalent in Indian adolescents and can occur even at normal BMI, with android fat distribution being the strongest determinant of CMR.
TRIAL REGISTRY: Clinical Trials Registry of India; Ref. No. CTRI/2024/06/068925.