Evaluation of weekend catch-up sleep and weekday sleep duration in relation to metabolic syndrome in Korean adults.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate whether or not the relationship between weekday sleep duration and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) differs according to weekend catch-up sleep (CUS) in Korean adults.

METHODS

Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2020, including that regarding weekday sleep duration, weekend CUS, MetS components, and confounding factors such as sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and illness-related factors, were evaluated in Korean adults aged 19 to 80 years. Complex-sample logistic regression was applied after adjusting for confounding factors.

RESULTS

Among 24,313 adults, the prevalence of MetS was lowest in individuals with 6-7 h of sleep on weekdays and CUS ≥ 2 h (17.7%, reference group). The interaction between weekday sleep duration and weekend CUS for MetS was significant. Compared to the reference group, the prevalence of MetS was higher in those who slept < 7 h and had a maximum CUS of 1 h (aORs, 1.42-1.66), and in those who slept ≥ 9 h and had a maximum CUS of 2 h (aORs, 1.28-1.82). In subjects with no CUS or CUS ≥ 2 h, the prevalence of MetS was greater even in those with adequate weekday sleep duration (7- 9 h) than in the reference group (aORs, 1.37 and 1.64, respectively).

CONCLUSION

Weekend CUS may help individuals with short weekday sleep duration reduce their odds of developing MetS, but it may worsen the condition in individuals with a long weekday sleep length.