Neuroscience · 2026
Neurovascular coupling, cognitive reserve, and cognitive performance in mild cognitive impairment.
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Yang Wenxia, Zhou Liang, Li Hao, Kang Siru, Yan Jiahao, Jiang Yanli, Zou Jie, Ai Kai, Zhang Jing
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Neurovascular coupling (NVC) impairment contributes to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but its relationship with NVC in MCI remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the associations between CR, NVC, and cognition in MCI patients, and to clarify their potential correlational patterns.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 113 MCI and 83 healthy controls, all undergoing resting-state fMRI and arterial spin labeling to calculate CBF/neural activity ratios (ALFF, fALFF, ReHo, DC) as NVC measures. Cognitive reserve was assessed using the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire.
RESULTS: Compared to HCs, MCI patients showed heterogeneous NVC alterations: whole-brain CBF-ALFF coupling significantly increased, while CBF-fALFF, ReHo, and DC coupling showed non-significant decreasing trends. Regionally, NVC ratios elevated in visual/subcortical areas but reduced in frontal/temporal lobes. CR, especially education, was the strongest cognitive predictor, with antagonistic interactions among reserve dimensions. CBF-fALFF coupling positively correlated with global cognition, whereas CBF-ALFF negatively correlated with memory. NVC ratios in the right lingual gyrus and medial orbital frontal region significantly mediated the reserve-cognition relationship.
CONCLUSION: This cross-sectional study suggests two potential patterns of association linking CR to cognitive performance in MCI: a neural reserve pattern weakly related to NVC, and a neural compensation pathway potentially involving NVC as an correlate. Multidimensional CR assessment and NVC may serve as promising indicators of neural compensation in MCI.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the associations between CR, NVC, and cognition in MCI patients, and to clarify their potential correlational patterns.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 113 MCI and 83 healthy controls, all undergoing resting-state fMRI and arterial spin labeling to calculate CBF/neural activity ratios (ALFF, fALFF, ReHo, DC) as NVC measures. Cognitive reserve was assessed using the Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire.
RESULTS: Compared to HCs, MCI patients showed heterogeneous NVC alterations: whole-brain CBF-ALFF coupling significantly increased, while CBF-fALFF, ReHo, and DC coupling showed non-significant decreasing trends. Regionally, NVC ratios elevated in visual/subcortical areas but reduced in frontal/temporal lobes. CR, especially education, was the strongest cognitive predictor, with antagonistic interactions among reserve dimensions. CBF-fALFF coupling positively correlated with global cognition, whereas CBF-ALFF negatively correlated with memory. NVC ratios in the right lingual gyrus and medial orbital frontal region significantly mediated the reserve-cognition relationship.
CONCLUSION: This cross-sectional study suggests two potential patterns of association linking CR to cognitive performance in MCI: a neural reserve pattern weakly related to NVC, and a neural compensation pathway potentially involving NVC as an correlate. Multidimensional CR assessment and NVC may serve as promising indicators of neural compensation in MCI.