Resuscitation of the pediatric patient.

Fortunately, the incidence of pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest is extremely low in the outpatient dental office setting. Because most cardiopulmonary arrests in children result from a progressive deterioration in respiratory function, outcome critically depends on rapid diagnosis and evaluation of the adequacy of ventilation and the pediatric airway. This holds true for any pediatric medical emergency. Our goal must be instituting simple resuscitative measures before full cardiopulmonary arrest develops. Whatever the nature of the medical emergency, caring for a child under these circumstances is challenging. Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) and continual review of the American Heart Association guidelines should be considered by those specializing in the treatment of infants and children. This training will not only bolster practitioner confidence, but enable prompt, effective response for any pediatric medical emergency.