[Actual treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit in children (author's transl)].

Among malignant tumor of the orbit in children, rhabdomyosarcoma remains the most frequent; it should be suspected on any unilateral exophthalmia. Twenty cases have been treated in the "Institut Gustave Roussy" (1960--1975). It can be shown with polychimiotherapy and a better coordination in timing of the other therapies, the survival rate improved clearly. In addition, since 1972 more localized forms have been treated. In the future, the survival rate is supposed to improve yet, if the diagnosis is made earlier. In such conditions a recovery with few inconveniences may be expected. Exenteration is an important mutilation and do not supply a better protection. A secondary inucleation due to complications of radio-therapy is not an exception. However a prothesis will be possible later.