Endoscopic electrocauterization for congenital pyriform sinus fistula treatment in paediatrics. Case series.

Pyriform sinus fistulas are rare anomalies of the branchial arches. Most of them are located on the left side. They extend from the apex of the pyriform sinus of the hypopharynx to the thyroid gland or adjacent tissues. The diagnosis is suspected in the presence of acute suppurative thyroiditis or recurrent cervical abscesses, and is confirmed by endoscopic visualization of the fistula hole. The traditional treatment consists of excision of the fistulous tract, with or without thyroid lobectomy, by cervical approach. However, less invasive alternatives that obliterate the path of the fistula have been developed, such as endoscopic electrocautery. We describe our experience with 7 patients with this condition, who were treated with endoscopic cauterization using radiofrequency electrocautery, and we evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the treatment performed.