Strabismus · 2015
The Prevalence of Ptosis and Its Association with Amblyopia and Strabismus in 7-Year-Old Schoolchildren in Iran.
СтатьяМногоцентровое исследованиеРандомизированное исследованиеПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Hashemi Hassan, Nabovati Payam, Dadbin Nooshin, Heidari Zahra, Yekta AbbasAli, Jafarzadehpur Ebrahim, Ostadimoghaddam Hadi, Khabazkhoob Mehdi
Аннотация
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of ptosis (congenital/acquired) in Iranian children aged 7 years and its relationship with amblyopia and strabismus.
METHODS: Eight Iranian cities were selected for this cross-sectional study using multistage randomized cluster sampling. A number of primary schools were randomly selected in each city. All grade 1 students in each selected primary school underwent optometric examinations including the measurement of uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, cover test, and cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic refraction.
RESULTS: Of 4614 selected students, 4106 students participated in the study (response rate = 89%). The prevalence of ptosis (congenital/acquired) was 1.41% (95% CI 1-1.83); 0.49% (95% CI 0.26-0.72) and 0.93% (95% CI 0.59-1.26) had unilateral and bilateral ptosis, respectively. The prevalence of ptosis had no significant correlation with sex (p = 0.810, OR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.59-1.97). The prevalence of amblyopia was 48.28% and 0.89% in students with and without ptosis, respectively. The prevalence of tropia was significantly higher in cases with bilateral ptosis (p < 0.001). The mean cylinder error was 1.63 ± 1.72 and 0.44 ± 0.60 in ptotic and non-ptotic eyes, respectively (p < 0.001). With-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism was significantly more prevalent in students with ptosis.
CONCLUSION: We report the prevalence of ptosis (congenital/acquired) in children in Iran and the Middle East region for the first time. Amblyopia was considerably more prevalent in ptotic patients. We found a significant correlation between ptosis and tropia. Astigmatism, especially WTR stigmatism, was more prevalent in children with ptosis.
METHODS: Eight Iranian cities were selected for this cross-sectional study using multistage randomized cluster sampling. A number of primary schools were randomly selected in each city. All grade 1 students in each selected primary school underwent optometric examinations including the measurement of uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, cover test, and cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic refraction.
RESULTS: Of 4614 selected students, 4106 students participated in the study (response rate = 89%). The prevalence of ptosis (congenital/acquired) was 1.41% (95% CI 1-1.83); 0.49% (95% CI 0.26-0.72) and 0.93% (95% CI 0.59-1.26) had unilateral and bilateral ptosis, respectively. The prevalence of ptosis had no significant correlation with sex (p = 0.810, OR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.59-1.97). The prevalence of amblyopia was 48.28% and 0.89% in students with and without ptosis, respectively. The prevalence of tropia was significantly higher in cases with bilateral ptosis (p < 0.001). The mean cylinder error was 1.63 ± 1.72 and 0.44 ± 0.60 in ptotic and non-ptotic eyes, respectively (p < 0.001). With-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism was significantly more prevalent in students with ptosis.
CONCLUSION: We report the prevalence of ptosis (congenital/acquired) in children in Iran and the Middle East region for the first time. Amblyopia was considerably more prevalent in ptotic patients. We found a significant correlation between ptosis and tropia. Astigmatism, especially WTR stigmatism, was more prevalent in children with ptosis.