Effects of Age and Birth Cohort on Influenza A Virus Subtype-Specific Hospitalization Rates, United States, 2010-2025.
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O'Halloran Alissa, Hood Nicole, Ujamaa Dawud, Merced-Morales Angiezel, Gurbaxani Brian, Kirley Pam Daily, Napoles Monica J, Alden Nisha B, Aragon Deborah, Meek James, Yousey-Hindes Kimberly, Openo Kyle P, Witt Lucy S, Monroe Maya L, Ryan Patricia A, Leegwater Lauren, Rojewski Sarah, Kenyon Cynthia, Lynfield Ruth, Poblete Mayvilynne, Landis Zachary Q, Anderson Bridget J, Rowe Adam J, Felsen Christina B, Tesini Brenda L, Harbi Khalil, Wilson Erica, Lung Krista, Moran Nancy E, Sutton Melissa, Thomas Ann, Talbot H Keipp, Schaffner William, Crossland Melanie, Olsen Kristen, Patel Manish, Fry Alicia M, Kondor Rebecca, Bozio Catherine, Reed Carrie, Brammer Lynnette, Budd Alicia, Flannery Brendan, Garg Shikha
Аннотация
METHODS: Using laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalization rates from US population-based surveillance, we investigated the relative A(H1N1)pdm09 to A(H3N2) hospitalization rate ratios by patient year of age and birth cohort from 2010 through 2025.
RESULTS: Results suggest partial protection against A(H1N1)pdm09 hospitalizations relative to A(H3N2) hospitalizations among patients born before 1945 (pre-1945 birth cohorts) and among individuals born during 1994 through 2009. Impact of partial protection against A(H1N1)pdm09-associated hospitalizations has diminished over time among older adults, contributing to elevated influenza hospitalization rates during the 2024-2025 influenza season.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that influenza A hospitalization rates may increase during future influenza seasons when influenza A(H3N2) and A(H1N1) viruses circulate or following the emergence of novel A(H1N1)pdm09-like viruses.