FDG Brain PET/CT Revealing Bilateral Thalamostriatal Activation During a Symptomatic Episode in a Patient With Kleine-Levin Syndrome.

We report the case of a 14-year-old girl with clinically diagnosed Kleine-Levin syndrome. Electroencephalogram and brain MRI were unremarkable. An FDG PET/CT scan was acquired during a symptomatic episode, while she was asleep, and another PET scan was obtained when she was asymptomatic, awake, and quiet. Comparison of both examinations demonstrated a bilateral activation of thalami, caudate nuclei, and lenticular nuclei. These findings may be linked to the implication of thalamostriatal structures in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness.