[Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria complicated with acute hemolysis in a child].

An 8 year-old girl with paroxsmal cold hemoglogunuria (PCH) is reported. She was referred to our clinic because of acute anemia, and found to have PCH after clinical and laboratory examination. Anti-P1 antibody and Donath-Landsteiner (D-L) antibody were detected. In Coombs' test with variable incubation temperatures, positive IgG on her erythrocytes changed to negative as temperature of incubation was elevated. Also activation of complement was detected on the surface of her erythrocytes. Clinical improvement was obtained by blood transfusion, and positive Coomb's test and D-L test turned to negative.