Journal of affective disorders · 2025
Gender-specific developmental trajectories of anxiety and depression among college students: Risk of attitudes toward suicide and suicidal behavior.
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Yang Chenxi, Song Youming, Su Shuowei
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate gender-specific developmental trajectories of anxiety and depression among college students, examine their associations with suicidal behaviors, and explore the mediating roles of four types of attitudes toward suicide.
METHODS: A three-wave longitudinal survey was conducted over two years, with one-year intervals, among 14,210 college students in China. Data were analyzed using parallel process growth mixture modeling and mediation analysis.
RESULTS: The parallel process growth mixture model identified four distinct trajectories for males: congruent low-decreasing (77.36 %), congruent moderate-stable (8.71 %), congruent moderate-increasing (9.71 %), and congruent high-increasing (4.21 %). For females, four trajectories were found: Congruent low-decreasing (57.37 %), congruent high-decreasing (8.05 %), congruent moderate-slow increasing (33.33 %), and congruent moderate-rapid increasing (1.25 %). Compared to the low-decreasing trajectory, subgroups with higher and increasing anxiety-depression exhibited more positive attitudes toward suicidal behavior and euthanasia, more negative attitudes toward suicides and their families, and a higher risk of suicidal behaviors. Attitudes toward suicidal behavior and euthanasia significantly mediated the association between moderate/high-increasing anxiety-depression trajectories and both past suicidal ideation and future suicide risk, consistently across genders. The mediating effects of diverse attitudes toward suicide differ significantly between moderate/high-increasing anxiety-depression trajectory and disclosure of suicidal ideation, revealing notable gender-specific variations.
CONCLUSION: This study identifies gender-specific developmental trajectories in anxiety and depression among college students, highlighting the differential mediating roles of four types of attitudes toward suicide between anxiety-depression trajectories and suicidal behaviors. These findings have important implications for clinical practice and social work.
METHODS: A three-wave longitudinal survey was conducted over two years, with one-year intervals, among 14,210 college students in China. Data were analyzed using parallel process growth mixture modeling and mediation analysis.
RESULTS: The parallel process growth mixture model identified four distinct trajectories for males: congruent low-decreasing (77.36 %), congruent moderate-stable (8.71 %), congruent moderate-increasing (9.71 %), and congruent high-increasing (4.21 %). For females, four trajectories were found: Congruent low-decreasing (57.37 %), congruent high-decreasing (8.05 %), congruent moderate-slow increasing (33.33 %), and congruent moderate-rapid increasing (1.25 %). Compared to the low-decreasing trajectory, subgroups with higher and increasing anxiety-depression exhibited more positive attitudes toward suicidal behavior and euthanasia, more negative attitudes toward suicides and their families, and a higher risk of suicidal behaviors. Attitudes toward suicidal behavior and euthanasia significantly mediated the association between moderate/high-increasing anxiety-depression trajectories and both past suicidal ideation and future suicide risk, consistently across genders. The mediating effects of diverse attitudes toward suicide differ significantly between moderate/high-increasing anxiety-depression trajectory and disclosure of suicidal ideation, revealing notable gender-specific variations.
CONCLUSION: This study identifies gender-specific developmental trajectories in anxiety and depression among college students, highlighting the differential mediating roles of four types of attitudes toward suicide between anxiety-depression trajectories and suicidal behaviors. These findings have important implications for clinical practice and social work.