Characterization of the safety profile of trastuzumab deruxtecan by dose: a pooled analysis across DESTINY studies.

BACKGROUND

Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), an approved human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-directed antibody-drug conjugate, may cause treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), most commonly gastrointestinal and hematologic TEAEs. This pooled analysis evaluated TEAEs across 2 doses of T-DXd in patients with different cancers to support safe and effective real-world use.

PATIENTS AND

METHODS

Data were pooled from 9 phase I-III clinical trials (DS8201-A-J101; DESTINY-Breast01/02/03/04; DESTINY-Lung01/02; DESTINY-Gastric01/02) of T-DXd 5.4 or 6.4 mg/kg every 3 weeks in patients (N = 1678) with metastatic breast, gastric, or lung cancer with varying HER2 expression or HER2 mutation status. Nausea, vomiting, neutropenia, fatigue, and interstitial lung disease (ILD) were evaluated for time to onset and dose-related outcomes. Antiemetic analysis was limited before a 2020 protocol change recommending prophylaxis.

RESULTS

Common TEAEs (in ≥20%) were fatigue, nausea, vomiting, neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia; mostly grade 1 or 2. TEAEs leading to dose reduction, drug interruption, and discontinuation with T-DXd were 22.6%, 42.8%, and 17.7% (5.4 mg/kg), and 29.7%, 47.6%, and 16.6% (6.4 mg/kg), respectively. Neutropenia, nausea, and fatigue occurred in 34.6%, 74.6%, and 56.5% of patients (5.4 mg/kg) and 49.3%, 65.5%, and 52.8% (6.4 mg/kg). Adjudicated drug-related ILD occurred in 12.0% and 10.9%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Gastrointestinal and hematologic TEAEs were most common, with nausea, neutropenia, and fatigue most commonly reported. ILD/pneumonitis occurred in ∼11%-12% of patients, with severe cases infrequent. Most TEAEs were low grade, though dose modifications highlight the need for proactive TEAE management, particularly in older patients and those with renal impairment.