[Clinical studies of learning disability. Part I: Two-axial diagnosis of learning disability using the Pupil Rating Scale Revised (PRS) and WISC-R].

We investigated the correlation between intelligence quotient and school performance evaluated by PRS (the Pupil Rating Scale Revised) to assess an adequacy of two-axial diagnosis of learning disabilities (LD). The subjects were 37 children, including 31 cases with developmental or school problems and 6 normal children. The Japanese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) was employed for an estimation of intelligence quotient (IQ) and, PRS was used to evaluate school performance. We defined 'LD risk child' as a child whose IQ was no less than 70 and PRS score was no more than 65. A statistical evaluation of IQ and PRS was done in this group separately. Ten children were diagnosed as 'LD risk' using this criterion. Fourteen children had normal IQ, and thirteen children were mentally retarded. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.68, P < 0.001) between IQ and the PRS score in these 37 children. On the other hand, no significant correlation was found between IQ and the PRS score of the 'LD risk child'. This result suggests that we can expect high PRS score in proportion to their IQ level. Because LD children generally tend to demonstrate deviated IQ-school performance correlation, we conclude that the WISC-R and PRS are appropriate for two-axial screening of LD.