Results of a large scale onchocercosis survey in Enugu State, Nigeria.

The prevalence of onchocercosis was determined in three Local Government Areas (Ezeagu, Oji-River and Uzo-Uwani) in Enugu State, Eastern Nigeria between March 1989 and June 1990. Enugu State was shown to be mesoendemic for onchocercosis. A total of 7472 (26.9%) persons out of 27,831 examined were positive for skin microfilariae. There was no significant difference in infection rates between males (27.6%) and females (26.2%). Of the 118 villages surveyed only five had no inhabitant with skin microfilariae. There was a progressive increase of prevalence to the second decade of life, although 96.6% of cases with skin microfilariae had only a light infection. Onchocercomata prevalence was recorded as 27.3% which tallies with the prevalence of skin microfilariae at 26.9% hence onchocercomata prevalence may be used as a yardstick for predicting skin microfilariae prevalence.