RNA-seq and 16S rRNA analysis revealed the effects of Agaricus bisporus polysaccharides on Aeromonas salmonicida-induced enteritis in crayfish.

To investigate the effect of Agaricus bisporus polysaccharides (ABPs) on Aeromonas salmonicida (A. salmonicida)-induced enteritis in crayfish, this study first established an enteritis model in crayfish via A. salmonicida infection. Subsequently, ABPs at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL were administered to the enteritis-affected crayfish via anal perfusion at a dosage of 100 μL per individual. The intestinal tissues of the treated crayfish were collected to perform transcriptome analysis and intestinal microbiota composition analysis.Transcriptomic analysis of the crayfish intestines revealed that A. salmonicida infection resulted in the upregulation of genes including FCN2, Hsp22, DDX1, HSPA8, and syntaxin-like, while significantly downregulating the expression of the BCL11A gene. These molecular changes indicated that A. salmonicida infection triggered intestinal inflammation in crayfish, potentially induced intestinal cell apoptosis, and disrupted the composition of the intestinal microbiota. In contrast, ABPs treatment was found to potentially enhance the non-specific immunity of crayfish, exert anti-inflammatory effects, and rebalance the intestinal microbiota composition-collectively contributing to an improved ability of crayfish to resist bacterial infections.The findings of this study not only provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of enteritis in crayfish but also offer a viable strategy for early interruption of disease progression caused by A. salmonicida infection in crayfish. With broad application prospects, this research also presents new insights for the management of other diseases in the aquaculture industry.