Nutrition, skin integrity, and pressure ulcer healing in chronically ill children: an overview.

Although information in the literature is scant, pediatric patients in long-term care are known to be at risk for pressure ulcers. Modifying adult guidelines and standards for well children has helped guide provision of care in the authors' pediatric long-term care and rehabilitation facility. In addition to standard comprehensive clinical and nutritional assessment protocols, patient growth and a history of prematurity, as well as the effect of chromosomal and neurological abnormalities, must be considered. Optimal protein intake is of particular concern in this population. Experience, along with necessary protocol adaptations, has offered insight into nutritional requirements and modifications needed for positive outcomes in pressure ulcer healing in chronically ill children. Better understanding of the role of nutrition in the assessment, treatment, and prevention of pressure ulcers is essential in any population. Research to increase understanding of the role of nutrition in maintaining skin integrity and optimizing repair in chronically ill children is needed to help clinicians improve care and outcomes.