[Energy and nutrient intakes and their relationship to body composition in patients with celiac disease].

Introduction: Besides a strict gluten-free diet, optimal body composition and a balanced macro- and micronutrient diet are also important in celiac disease. Objective: This study aimed to assess the nutritional intake, body composition, and their relationship in adult patients with celiac disease. Method: We have assessed the energy and nutrient intake of 47 patients with histology-proven celiac disease (age 36 ± 11.94 years) using a 7-day food record and measured body composition using the InBody 770 analyser. The food records were evaluated using the NutriComp Sport 5.10 software. Results: The protein, dietary fibre, calcium, and saturated fatty acid contents significantly deviate from the reference values (p<0.05). There is a significant difference in the skeletal muscle mass index between the groups of older and newly diagnosed women (new: 7.2 ± 1.2 kg/m2 vs. old: 8.4 ± 0.8 kg/m2, p = 0.002). Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed the statistically significant weak positive correlation between body mass index and energy percent of added sugar (ρ(44) = 0.318, p = 0.031). A significant moderate positive correlation was observed between body fat mass in men and the added sugar content of the diet (ρ(8) = 0.661, p = 0.038). For women, body fat mass and dietary fiber intake showed a weak negative correlation (ρ(33) = –0.344, p = 0.043). Conclusion: Our results confirm the importance of careful monitoring of nutritional status and nutrient intake of celiac patients after diagnosis, especially in those with inadequate body composition at presentation and/or at risk of nutritional deficiencies. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(51): 2024–2032.