[Energy and nutrient intakes and their relationship to body composition in patients with celiac disease].

Introduction

Besides a strict gluten-free diet, optimal body composition and a balanced macro- and micronutrient diet are also important in celiac disease.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the nutritional intake, body composition, and their relationship in adult patients with celiac disease. Method: We have assessed the energy and nutrient intake of 47 patients with histology-proven celiac disease (age 36 ± 11.94 years) using a 7-day food record and measured body composition using the InBody 770 analyser. The food records were evaluated using the NutriComp Sport 5.10 software.

Results

The protein, dietary fibre, calcium, and saturated fatty acid contents significantly deviate from the reference values (p<0.05). There is a significant difference in the skeletal muscle mass index between the groups of older and newly diagnosed women (new: 7.2 ± 1.2 kg/m2 vs. old: 8.4 ± 0.8 kg/m2, p = 0.002). Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed the statistically significant weak positive correlation between body mass index and energy percent of added sugar (ρ(44) = 0.318, p = 0.031). A significant moderate positive correlation was observed between body fat mass in men and the added sugar content of the diet (ρ(8) = 0.661, p = 0.038). For women, body fat mass and dietary fiber intake showed a weak negative correlation (ρ(33) = –0.344, p = 0.043).

Conclusion

Our results confirm the importance of careful monitoring of nutritional status and nutrient intake of celiac patients after diagnosis, especially in those with inadequate body composition at presentation and/or at risk of nutritional deficiencies. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(51): 2024–2032.