Australasian journal on ageing · 2025
Factors affecting progression to frailty in community-dwelling older adults during all COVID-19 waves.
СтатьяНаблюдательное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Çakir Ebru, Yazir Hatice Tuğba, Çetin Mustafa, Sarikaya Demirbaş Zehra, Naharci Mehmet Ilkin
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Frailty, defined as a reduced capacity to manage stress due to multisystem dysfunction, has a significant impact on quality of life, morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the progression to frailty in community-dwelling older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
METHODS: This prospective observational study included non-frail individuals aged 65 years or older admitted to a geriatric outpatient clinic. Evaluation was conducted before (T0) and after (T1) the pandemic. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine factors associated with progression to frailty.
RESULTS: The final sample comprised 139 participants (mean age 74.8 ± 6.2 years, 60% female). The median follow-up time was 53 months (range, 27-60). Thirty-one participants (22%) developed frailty after the pandemic. In the clinical follow-up (T1), a decrease in the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form score was associated with an increased risk of frailty. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, four or more doses of the COVID-19 vaccine, sufficient physical activity and a Mini-Mental State Examination score ≥27 points were associated with a lower risk of transition to frailty, while polypharmacy and age ≥75 years were associated with an increased risk.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of full vaccination, along with promoting physical activity, mitigating polypharmacy and enhancing cognitive health to prevent the onset of frailty during a viral pandemic.
METHODS: This prospective observational study included non-frail individuals aged 65 years or older admitted to a geriatric outpatient clinic. Evaluation was conducted before (T0) and after (T1) the pandemic. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine factors associated with progression to frailty.
RESULTS: The final sample comprised 139 participants (mean age 74.8 ± 6.2 years, 60% female). The median follow-up time was 53 months (range, 27-60). Thirty-one participants (22%) developed frailty after the pandemic. In the clinical follow-up (T1), a decrease in the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form score was associated with an increased risk of frailty. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, four or more doses of the COVID-19 vaccine, sufficient physical activity and a Mini-Mental State Examination score ≥27 points were associated with a lower risk of transition to frailty, while polypharmacy and age ≥75 years were associated with an increased risk.
CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of full vaccination, along with promoting physical activity, mitigating polypharmacy and enhancing cognitive health to prevent the onset of frailty during a viral pandemic.