Therapeutic potential of the flavonoid compound Licochalcone D in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent chronic liver disease associated with type 2 diabetes, which doubles the risk of developing this condition. Various flavonoid compounds have a positive effect on lipid metabolism, inflammation, and insulin resistance and can contribute to slowing down the progression of MASLD. In the current study, we investigated the biological effects of Licochalcone D (Lico D), a flavonoid, in a metabolic disease model. Oil Red O staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting were performed. For in vivo experiments, we used high-fat diet (60 %) plus low-dose streptozotocin (30 mg/kg; 5 days; intraperitoneal)-induced metabolic disease mouse model and evaluated lipid metabolism. We observed that Lico D reduced lipid accumulation and increased lipid metabolism both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, we identified that the AMP-activated protein kinase and Sirtuin 1 pathways were activated in the mouse liver and hepatic steatosis cell model. In silico analysis revealed that Lico D passes the "Lipinski Rule of Five," which indicates drug-likeness properties. In conclusion, our findings highlight the role of Lico D in improving metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.