Bronchiolitis Obliterans as a Delayed Sequela of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Complicated by Stevens-Johnson Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient.

OBJECTIVE

To report a rare and severe case of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) developing as a late complication following Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and associated Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) in a pediatric patient.

CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a previously healthy 6-year-old girl who was hospitalized for Mycoplasma pneumoniae complicated by SJS. After resolution of the acute mucocutaneous manifestations, she developed persistent cough, wheezing, and exercise intolerance. Bronchoscopy revealed stenosis and occlusion of multiple segmental and subsegmental bronchi due to granulation tissue, leading to a diagnosis of BO.

CONCLUSION

This case underscores that BO can occur as a sequel to Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated SJS. It highlights the importance of long-term respiratory surveillance and a multidisciplinary approach in the management of such patients.