Predicting children's post-traumatic stress symptoms following hospitalization for accidental injury: combining the Child Trauma Screening Questionnaire and heart rate.

This study investigated the utility of combining the Child Trauma Screening Questionnaire (CTSQ) [Kenardy, J. A., Spence, S. H., & Macleod, A. C. (2006). Screening for post-traumatic stress disorder in children after accidental injury. Pediatrics, 118, 1002-1009] and children's heart rate (HR; emergency department and 24-h post-admission) to identify children likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms at 1 and 6 months post-injury. Children completed the CTSQ within 2 weeks of injury. PTSD symptoms were assessed with the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV [Silverman, W. K., & Albano, A. M. (1996). Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV, Child Version, Parent Interview Schedule. Orlando, Florida: The Psychological Corporation], for 79 children aged 7-16 years. A combination of the CTSQ plus HR (CTSQ-HR) was better than the CTSQ alone or HR alone at identifying children likely to develop PTSD symptoms. These findings suggest that the CTSQ-HR screen may increase identification of children who are likely to develop PTSD symptoms, enabling development of targeted prevention programs.