Brain aging in bipolar disorder using a neuroimaging and machine learning-derived metric: Findings from the ENIGMA BD Working Group.
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Ng Hui Xin, Abé Christoph, Alda Martin, Alonso-Lana Silvia, Anmella Gerard, Bauer Jochen, Borgers Tiana, Brosch Katharina, Busatto Geraldo F, Bøen Erlend, Canales-Rodríguez Erick J, Cannon Dara M, Chaim-Avancini Tiffany M, Cole James H, Dannlowski Udo, De La Cruz Alan, Einenkel Karolin, Elvsåshagen Torbjørn, Favre Pauline, Fisch Lukas, Flinkenflügel Kira, Foley Sonya, Fullerton Janice M, Goltermann Janik, Grotegerd Dominik, Gruber Oliver, Haarman Bartholomeus C M, Hahn Tim, Hajek Tomas, Han Laura K M, Henry Chantal, Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego, Houenou Josselin, Howells Fleur M, Ingvar Martin, Jahanshad Neda, Jiménez Esther, Karuk Andriana, Kircher Tilo, Klahn Luisa, Kraus Anna, Krug Axel, Krämer Bernd, Kuplicki Rayus T, Lafer Beny, Landén Mikael, Machado-Vieira Rodrigo, Malt Ulrik F, Martyn Fiona M, McDonald Colm, McPhilemy Genevieve, Meinert Susanne, Meller Tina, Mitchell Philip B, Mwangi Benson, Nabulsi Leila, Nenadić Igor, Opel Nils, Otaduy Maria C G, Overs Bronwyn J, Polosan Mircea, Pomarol-Clotet Edith, Pouchon Arnaud, Radua Joaquim, Rauer Lisa, Repple Jonathan, Roberts Gloria, Rodríguez-Cano Elena, Rosa Pedro G P, Salvador Raymond, Sarró Salvador, Satterthwaite Theodore D, Savitz Jonathan, Schmaal Lianne, Schofield Peter R, Serpa Mauricio, Sim Kang, Soares Jair C, Topolski Natasha, Soeiro-de-Souza Marcio G, Stein Dan J, Stein Frederike, Sutherland Ashley N, Temmingh Henk S, Thomopoulos Sophia I, Uhlmann Anne, Vieta Eduard, Vilajosana Enric, Wolf Daniel H, Wu Mon-Ju, Zunta-Soares Giovana B, Zanetti Marcus V, van den Brink Wim, Thompson Paul M, Andreassen Ole A, Ching Christopher R K, Eyler Lisa T, ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group, ENIGMA Brain Age Working Group
Аннотация
METHODS: Age was predicted from 77 MRI measures of regional subcortical and lateral ventricle volumes, cortical thickness, and surface area for 1342 BD and 1577 HC adult participants, aged 18-75 yrs. old (μ = 37.2; SD = 12.3), from the curated ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder working group (ENIGMA-BD) and leveraging an ENIGMA machine learning model previously trained and validated using independent samples. Chronological age was subtracted from predicted age to produce an individual-level estimate known as brain-PAD. Linear mixed models (adjusting for sex and age as fixed effects and site as a random effect) were used to examine group differences and clinical associations.
RESULTS: BD was associated with higher brain-PAD, compared to HC, primarily among older patients, as demonstrated by a significant age by diagnosis interaction (+0.05 [SE: 0.02] years). Individuals with BD on antiepileptic (AED) medications only (+3.20 [SE: 0.78] years) or on both AED and second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) (+3.74 [SE: 0.89] years) demonstrated greater brain-PAD compared to individuals who were not on any of the examined medications. Those taking lithium, whether alone or with AED and SGA independently, showed no difference in brain-PAD compared to individuals not taking any of the examined medications. However, individuals who were taking lithium showed lower brain-PAD compared to those on AED (-4.48 [SE: 0.84] years) or AED and SGA (-5.01 [SE:0.92] years). Individuals with a BD I subtype diagnosis had a higher brain-PAD (+1.50 [SE:0.55] years) compared to those with BDII or subtypes that are not otherwise specified (NOS).
CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study suggest compounding effects of BD diagnosis and older age on brain-PAD, an ML-derived summary metric of structural alterations. Within BD, brain-PAD was differentially related to medication use, consistent with prior findings from ENIGMA-BD. Notably, AED use was generally related to more advanced brain age. Lithium use, alone or in combination with other medications, was not associated with advanced brain age, suggesting a possible neuroprotective effect of lithium. Brain-PAD as an ML-derived summary metric of structural alterations of the brain may provide clinical utility in assessing long-term holistic brain health to monitor the effectiveness of lifestyle modifications or treatments over time.
LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional nature of the study design and the limited granularity of the clinical data limit interpretation. Longitudinal studies with detailed chronicity data, medications and clinical measures overtime will improve brain-PAD modeling in BD.