Radiation Concepts and Considerations for Pediatric Cancer Predisposition Syndrome Surveillance: A Report from the 2023 AACR Childhood Cancer Predisposition Workshop.

Children with cancer predisposition syndromes have an increased risk of developing certain cancers. Surveillance imaging plays an increasingly important role in the management of these children. The approach to imaging must account for several factors, including age of the child, onset and frequency of imaging, whether sedation is needed, and the types of tumors associated with a particular syndrome. Consideration must also be given to the potential risks and benefits associated with a given imaging technique. Whole-body MRI offers many advantages, including a comprehensive examination without ionizing radiation. Other techniques, such as CT, involve low doses of ionizing radiation but may be appropriate depending on the clinical circumstance. This article offers an overview of available imaging techniques along with potential strategies to guide the discussion with patients and families when deciding on the most appropriate surveillance imaging approach.