Pest management science · 2025
Dual resistance mechanisms in EMS-induced rice: ACCase Trp1999Leu mutation and metabolic resistance to quizalofop-p-ethyl.
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Chen Bin, Ling Xitie, Zhou Zhenzhen, Mao Honghao, Xiao Yi, Qiu Zeyu, Chen Le, Xu Yong, Zhang Baolong, Yang Xia
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The extensive use of herbicides has accelerated the evolution of weed resistance in paddy fields, creating an urgent need for innovative agricultural solutions. Developing herbicide-resistant rice represents an important approach to managing paddy weeds and mitigating the evolution of resistant weeds. This study explores the resistance mechanisms in ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced rice, focusing on target-site resistance (TSR) and non-target-site resistance (NTSR), while examining their influence on key agronomic traits.
RESULTS: The rice mutant exhibited an 18.52-fold resistance to quizalofop-p-ethyl, conferred jointly by the ACCase Trp1999Leu mutation and GST-mediated detoxification. While ACCase transcript levels remain unchanged between mutant and wild-type, the mutant's enzyme activity is markedly higher; quizalofop-acid residues are significantly lower in the mutant after 72 h exposure, evidencing metabolic resistance. After treatment with malathion and NBD-Cl, the mutant's sensitivity to the herbicide increased by 16.94% and 30.1%, respectively. The mutant also exhibited cross-resistance to other ACCase herbicides. Although minor agronomic differences were observed, theoretical yield remained unaffected, demonstrating that resistance was achieved without a yield penalty.
CONCLUSION: EMS-induced rice mutants exhibit resistance to quizalofop-p-ethyl, through a combination of target-site mutations and enhanced GST-mediated metabolism. Importantly, no detrimental impacts on agronomic performance or yield were observed. These findings enhance our understanding of resistance mechanisms and offer valuable guidance for advancing resistance breeding and genetic improvement in rice cultivation. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
RESULTS: The rice mutant exhibited an 18.52-fold resistance to quizalofop-p-ethyl, conferred jointly by the ACCase Trp1999Leu mutation and GST-mediated detoxification. While ACCase transcript levels remain unchanged between mutant and wild-type, the mutant's enzyme activity is markedly higher; quizalofop-acid residues are significantly lower in the mutant after 72 h exposure, evidencing metabolic resistance. After treatment with malathion and NBD-Cl, the mutant's sensitivity to the herbicide increased by 16.94% and 30.1%, respectively. The mutant also exhibited cross-resistance to other ACCase herbicides. Although minor agronomic differences were observed, theoretical yield remained unaffected, demonstrating that resistance was achieved without a yield penalty.
CONCLUSION: EMS-induced rice mutants exhibit resistance to quizalofop-p-ethyl, through a combination of target-site mutations and enhanced GST-mediated metabolism. Importantly, no detrimental impacts on agronomic performance or yield were observed. These findings enhance our understanding of resistance mechanisms and offer valuable guidance for advancing resistance breeding and genetic improvement in rice cultivation. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.