Comments on potential efficacy of monthly administrations of spot-on moxidectin 2.5%/imidacloprid 10% in the simultaneous prevention of major canine filarioses.

Information on the efficacy of pharmaceutical protocols for the prevention of the major canine filarioses (i.e., Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria repens, and Acanthocheilonema reconditum) under natural conditions is scant. Chemoprophylaxis for canine filarioses under field conditions deserves to be studied more fully and information about vector biology, ecology, and seasonality has to be well appreciated to correctly set control protocols. It is advisable that researchers planning field trials to assess the efficacy of any product for the prevention of canine vector-borne diseases should consider different eco-epidemiological aspects of diseases, including their dynamics of transmission, which are driven by complex interactions between animals, pathogens, and vectors.