Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2026
Distribution of oral and maxillofacial lesions in children and adolescents in a southeastern Brazilian population: A retrospective study including the COVID-19 pandemic period.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Darella I-K, de Paiva J-P, Santos-Silva A-R, Jorge J, Lopes M-A, Vargas P-A
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: This retrospective study analyzed the frequency of oral and maxillofacial lesions in a pediatric population from an oral pathology service in southeastern Brazil (2015-2024).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed all histopathological reports from this period, which included the COVID-19 pandemic. Demographic and clinicopathological data were collected and summarized using descriptive statistics. Associations were assessed using Pearson's chi-squared, Fisher's exact, Cramer's V, and multinomial logistic regression tests.
RESULTS: Among 1,578 pediatric biopsies (patients aged 0-19 years), which represented 8.78% of the service's total caseload, adolescents were the predominant group (76.68%), with a balanced gender distribution. A significant decrease in pediatric cases was observed following the COVID-19 pandemic, although the most frequent lesion types remained consistent. Of the 1,414 conclusive diagnoses, salivary gland pathologies were most common (31.12%), followed by odontogenic cysts (18.74%) and mucosal pathologies (12.02%). Mucocele was the single most prevalent lesion (25.67%), followed by dentigerous cyst (8.17%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between patient age and diagnostic category, indicating distinct, developmentally dependent patterns.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm the predominance of benign, reactive, and cystic lesions in pediatric patients, including during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring the value of current epidemiological data to guide clinical practice and preventive strategies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed all histopathological reports from this period, which included the COVID-19 pandemic. Demographic and clinicopathological data were collected and summarized using descriptive statistics. Associations were assessed using Pearson's chi-squared, Fisher's exact, Cramer's V, and multinomial logistic regression tests.
RESULTS: Among 1,578 pediatric biopsies (patients aged 0-19 years), which represented 8.78% of the service's total caseload, adolescents were the predominant group (76.68%), with a balanced gender distribution. A significant decrease in pediatric cases was observed following the COVID-19 pandemic, although the most frequent lesion types remained consistent. Of the 1,414 conclusive diagnoses, salivary gland pathologies were most common (31.12%), followed by odontogenic cysts (18.74%) and mucosal pathologies (12.02%). Mucocele was the single most prevalent lesion (25.67%), followed by dentigerous cyst (8.17%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between patient age and diagnostic category, indicating distinct, developmentally dependent patterns.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm the predominance of benign, reactive, and cystic lesions in pediatric patients, including during the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring the value of current epidemiological data to guide clinical practice and preventive strategies.