Identifying comorbidities and lifestyle factors contributing to the cognitive profile of early Parkinson's disease.
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Martínez-Horta Saul, Bejr-Kasem Helena, Horta-Barba Andrea, Pascual-Sedano Berta, Santos-García Diego, de Deus-Fonticoba Teresa, Jesús Silvia, Aguilar Miquel, Planellas Lluis, García-Caldentey Juan, Caballol Nuria, Vives-Pastor Bárbara, Hernández-Vara Jorge, Cabo-Lopez Iria, López-Manzanares Lydia, González-Aramburu Isabel, Ávila-Rivera Maria Asunción, Catalán Maria Jose, López-Díaz Luis Manuel, Puente Victor, García-Moreno Jose Manuel, Borrué Carmen, Solano-Vila Berta, Álvarez-Sauco Maria, Vela Lydia, Escalante Sonia, Cubo Esther, Carrillo-Padilla Francisco, Martínez-Castrillo Juan Carlos, Sánchez-Alonso Pilar, Alonso-Losada Maria Gema, López-Ariztegui Nuria, Gastón Itziar, Blázquez-Estrada Marta, Seijo-Martínez Manual, Rúiz-Martínez Javier, Valero-Merino Caridad, Kurtis Monica, de Fábregues-Boixar Oriol, González-Ardura Jessica, Prieto-Jurczynska Cristina, Martinez-Martin Pablo, Mir Pablo, Kulisevsky Jaime, COPPADIS Study Group
Аннотация
METHODS: Using a standard approach for the assessment of global cognition in PD and controlling for the effects of age, education and disease duration, we explored the associations between cognitive status, comorbidities, metabolic variables and lifestyle variables in 533 PD participants from the COPPADIS study.
RESULTS: Among the overall sample, 21% of participants were classified as PD-MCI (n = 114) and 4% as PDD (n = 26). The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was significantly higher in cognitively impaired patients while no between-group differences were found for smoking, alcohol intake or use of supplementary vitamins. Better cognitive scores were significantly associated with regular physical exercise (p < 0.05) and cognitive stimulation (< 0.01). Cognitive performance was negatively associated with interleukin 2 (Il2) (p < 0.05), Il6 (p < 0.05), iron (p < 0.05), and homocysteine (p < 0.005) levels, and positively associated with vitamin B12 levels (p < 0.005).
CONCLUSIONS: We extend previous findings regarding the positive and negative influence of various comorbidities and lifestyle factors on cognitive status in early PD patients, and reinforce the need to identify and treat potentially modifiable variables with the intention of exploring the possible improvement of the global cognitive status of patients with PD.