A series of case reports of autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis, mostly in non-endemic hilly areas of Nepal.

The government of Nepal has committed to eliminate visceral leishmaniasis (VL) by 2015. The expansion of VL into new areas would constitute a major obstacle to achieving this goal. We report a series of autochthonous VL cases from areas currently considered non-endemic, mostly in hilly regions of Nepal.