Etiological Insights and Prognostic Indicators in Pediatric Erythroderma: A Comprehensive Retrospective Multi-Center Study in Oman.

Erythroderma, defined as erythema involving over 90% of the body surface area, is a rare but potentially life-threatening dermatologic condition in children. This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed 21 pediatric cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2020 across six dermatology centers in Oman, focusing on epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory features, along with underlying etiologies and outcomes. The median age at diagnosis was 24 months, with a male predominance (3:1), and common clinical features included scaling (95%), pruritus (67%), and erosions (57%), with ichthyosis and psoriasis each accounting for 24% of cases. The occurrence of severe complications, including mortality in a case with immunodeficiency, underscores the urgent need for standardized guidelines and age-specific protocols to facilitate early diagnosis, optimize management, and reduce morbidity in pediatric erythroderma.