Ultrafiltration for acute decompensated heart failure: financial implications.

Heart failure is the leading cause of hospitalization in older patients and is considered a public health problem with a significant financial burden on the health care system. Ultrafiltration represents an emerging therapy for patients with heart failure with a number of advantages over the conventional therapy. In this article, a summary of the relevant pathophysiological mechanisms such as removal of inflammatory cytokines are provided that might indeed be associated with a number of financial implications for ultrafiltration. Then practical points such as training of physicians and staff that need to be considered by physicians and medical centers with regards to financial implications of this therapy are reviewed.