Urinary incontinence nursing considerations at the end of life.

Urinary incontinence occurs at the end of life either as a consequence of treatment(s) for a urologic health condition or as the result of disease progression. End-of-life urinary incontinence conditions include bladder abnormalities (urge, emptying, hesitancy), infection, and/or the need for diversional methods. Alterations in skin integrity may be the result of previous treatment(s) to the urinary system and lower abdomen, or from urinary incontinence. Treated urinary incontinence at the end of life provides dignity and will maintain quality of life. This article describes the urinary care needs and options for individuals receiving end-of-life care.